Description
Review a systematic approach to the investigation of polyuria and polydipsia (Pu/Pd) and outlines the criteria for diagnosing chronic kidney disease (CKD) according to the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS). It highlights the important distinction between diagnosing CKD and staging the disease, and explores how early CKD can be identified in clinical practice. The challenges associated with diagnosing early CKD will also be discussed, helping to support clearer clinical decision-making.
